setksmps
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## setksmps

setksmps — Sets the local ksmps value in an instrument or user-defined opcode block

## Description

Sets the local ksmps value in an instrument or user-defined opcode block.

## Syntax

    setksmps iksmps

## Initialization

iksmps -- sets the local ksmps value.

If iksmps is set to zero, the ksmps of the caller instrument or opcode is used (this is the default behavior).

| Note

The local ksmps is implemented by splitting up a control period into smaller sub-kperiods and setting up the instrument local ksmps to the new value. This also requires converting the rate of k-rate input and output arguments (input variables receive the same value in all sub-kperiods, while outputs are written only in the last one). It also means that you cannot use a local ksmps that is higher than the global ksmps.

| Warning about local ksmps

When the local ksmps is not the same as the orchestra level ksmps value (as specified in the orchestra header), global a-rate operations must be carefully coded to access the data in a vector according to the local ksmps. The audio rate bus channel opcodes (chnget/chnset) can be used freely, however, as they will do the necessary conversion between ksmp sizes.

Other opcodes that require some care include:

- any access to “ga” variables

- a-rate zak opcodes (zar, zaw, etc.)

- tablera and tablewa (these two opcodes may in fact work, but caution is needed)

- The in and out opcode family cannot be used in local-ksmps UDOs (these read from, and write to global a-rate buffers), but are safe in local-ksmps instruments

In general, the local ksmps should be used with care as it is an experimental feature. Though it works correctly in most cases.

The setksmps statement can be used to set the local ksmps value of the instrument or user-defined opcode block. It has one i-time parameter specifying the new ksmps value (which is left unchanged if zero is used). setksmps should be used before any other opcodes (but allowed after xin in UDOs), otherwise unpredictable results may occur.

## Performance

The syntax of a user-defined opcode block is as follows:

    opcode  name, outtypes, intypes
    xinarg1 [, xinarg2] [, xinarg3] ... [xinargN]  xin
    [setksmps  iksmps]
    ... the rest of the instrument's code.
    xout  xoutarg1 [, xoutarg2] [, xoutarg3] ... [xoutargN]
    endop

The new opcode can then be used with the usual syntax:

[xinarg1] [, xinarg2] ... [xinargN] name [xoutarg1] [, xoutarg2] ... [xoutargN] [, iksmps]

## Examples

See the example for the opcode opcode.

## See Also

endop, opcode, xin, xout

## Credits

Author: Istvan Varga, 2002; based on code by Matt J. Ingalls; Modified by V Lazzarini for Csound 6

New in version 4.22

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